Edward Norman in his publication Anglican Difficulties observes, "This, it must be noted, is in considerable contrast to its noble past and steadfast adhesion to its own tradition of Christian understanding. That was, it is true, a thoroughly Protestant tradition, as reference to the teachings in the Book of Common Prayer, in the Articles of Religion, and in the Homilies, will make plain.

Why is it important that we get this right? Because the other biblical core matters that were recovered at the time of the English Reformation (Holy Scripture as our authority, the priesthood of all believers, and the central doctrine of justification by grace through faith alone) hinges on how we view "real presence" in the sacrament. The sixteenth century English reformers knew this and they were willing to die for their understanding of "real presence" in the sacrament, as many did.

Whereby (before the foundations of the world were laid) he hath constantly decreed by his counsel secret to us: This compassionate decision of God precedes the creation of the world and its human inhabitants. It is timeless and unchangeable; his eternal counsel is unreachable and unfathomable to us, beyond our prying eyes or probing enquiry. God's in-depth intent is private to him alone. His thoughts are lofty and his reasons for anything do not have to be seconded by us for their validity.

DIFFERENT CHARISMS